CVE-2025-40682: SQL Injection Vulnerability in Human Resource Management System v1.0
TL;DR: A critical SQL injection vulnerability (CVE-2025-40682) has been identified in Human Resource Management System version 1.0. An attacker can exploit this flaw to read, create, update, and delete database entries via crafted requests to the /controller/ccity.php endpoint. This can lead to full database compromise and system takeover.
Vulnerability Details
- CVE ID: CVE-2025-40682
- Description: This vulnerability allows an attacker to perform SQL injection attacks via the "city" and "state" parameters in the
/controller/ccity.phpendpoint. By injecting malicious SQL code, an attacker can bypass security measures and directly interact with the underlying database. - CVSS Score: 8.7 (HIGH)
- CVSS Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
- CVSS Explanation: The CVSS vector indicates that this is a network-based attack (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L). No user interaction is required (UI:N), and the attacker needs low privileges (PR:L) to exploit the vulnerability. The impact is high for confidentiality (VC:H), integrity (VI:H), and availability (VA:H), meaning a successful attack can lead to complete data compromise and system disruption.
- Exploit Requirements: An attacker requires network access to the affected system and knowledge of the vulnerable endpoint and parameters. Basic understanding of SQL injection techniques is necessary.
- Affected Vendor: Human Resource Management System
- Affected Product: Human Resource Management System
- Affected Version: 1.0
- CWE: CWE-89 (SQL Injection) - SQL injection occurs when untrusted data is used to construct SQL queries. An attacker can inject arbitrary SQL code, potentially allowing them to read, modify, or delete data in the database.
Timeline of Events
- 2025-07-29: Vulnerability disclosed by INCIBE-CERT.
- 2025-07-29: CVE ID CVE-2025-40682 assigned.
- TBD: Patch release anticipated (check vendor website).
Exploitability & Real-World Risk
The SQL injection vulnerability is highly exploitable. Attackers can leverage this flaw to gain unauthorized access to sensitive employee data, modify payroll information, or even take complete control of the application's database server. This could lead to significant financial loss, reputational damage, and legal liabilities. In a real-world scenario, an attacker could automate the exploitation process, targeting multiple installations of the Human Resource Management System simultaneously.
Recommendations
- Apply the Patch: Immediately apply the security patch released by the vendor when available.
- Input Validation: Implement robust input validation and sanitization for all user-supplied data, especially for the "city" and "state" parameters in the
/controller/ccity.phpendpoint. - Least Privilege: Ensure the database user account used by the application has the minimum necessary privileges.
- Web Application Firewall (WAF): Deploy a web application firewall to detect and block SQL injection attempts.
- Regular Security Audits: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and address potential vulnerabilities.
Technical Insight
The vulnerability likely stems from the application directly embedding the "city" and "state" parameters into SQL queries without proper sanitization or escaping. This allows an attacker to inject malicious SQL code that is then executed by the database server.
Credit to Researcher(s)
This vulnerability was reported by INCIBE-CERT.
References
Tags
#SQLInjection #CVE-2025-40682 #HRMS #SecurityVulnerability #DatabaseSecurity #WebSecurity
Summary: A SQL injection vulnerability (CVE-2025-40682) exists in Human Resource Management System version 1.0, allowing attackers to manipulate the database via the city and state parameters in the /controller/ccity.php endpoint.
CVE ID: CVE-2025-40682
Risk Analysis: Successful exploitation can lead to complete database compromise, including data theft, modification, and deletion. This can result in significant financial loss, reputational damage, and legal liabilities.
Recommendation: Apply the latest security patch, implement input validation on the 'city' and 'state' parameters, and use parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection attacks.
Timeline
- 2025-07-29: Vulnerability disclosed by INCIBE-CERT and CVE ID assigned.